Kingtronics Blog

Quartz crystals used in filters and oscillators in electronic circuits are renowned for their performance, stability, frequency tolerance and their high Q. Yet they do change their frequency very slightly with time in a process known as ageing. Although the frequency variations are small by many standards, they are permanent and may have an effect in some applications where the frequency is of great importance. As a result manufacturing techniques take account of this to reduce the effects of ageing in these crystals as far as possible.

Ageing is caused by a number of interrelated factors. These include internal contamination, excessive drive level, surface change of the crystal, various thermal effects, wire fatigue and frictional wear. The level of ageing can be minimised in a number of ways. During manufacture they should be encapsulated in an inert gas environment, the ensuring should have a good seal so that other gases do not enter. Also the final stages of the preparation of the crystal blank must be prepared as finely as possible. Rather than lapping the blank to bring it to the right dimensions, chemical etching is used. In this way the minimum disruption is caused to the crystal lattice, and this reduces the ingress of contaminants over time that will cause ageing.

The design of the circuit in which the crystal will be used also has an effect. By keeping the drive levels low again the crystal ageing will be less.

Features

• - Operating temperature Range: -55℃~+125℃ (>80℃ with rated volted darating)
• - Laser-markec Case
• - Capacitance tolerance: +/-20%; +/-10% (for special order)
• - DC leakage at 25℃: Io≤0.01CRVR or 0.5μA (Whichever is greater)

Low ESR values allow for more efficient filtering in DC-to-DC conversion applications, while the devices' ability to handle high currents is key in microprocessor bulk energy storage applications. Kingtronics ( www.kingtronics.com)EKT Series Low ESR (Low Equivalent Series Resistance) Chip Tantalum Capacitors are intended for applications in telecom, automotive, computer, industrial, commercial, medical, and avionics end systems.
 
In addition to providing very low ESR values and a high ripple current handling capability, the new Tantalum Capacitors feature a proven solid tantalum construction that ensures long-term reliability. Outstanding stability over time and temperature further enhances the EKT Series Low ESR Chip Tantalum Capacitors devices' performance and reliability.

Reverse Voltage - 20 to 40 Volts Forward Current - 3.0 Amperes

FEATURES

• Plastic package has Underwriters Laboratory Flammability Classification 94V-0
• Metal silicon junction, majority carrier conduction
• Guardring for over voltage protection
• Low power loss, high erriciency
• High current capability, low forward voltage drop
• High surge capability
• For use in low voltage, high frequency inverters, free wheeling, and polarity protection applications
• High temperature soldering guaranteed:
  250℃ /10 seconds, 0.375”(9.5mm) lead length,5 lbs. (2.3kg) tension

MLCC consists of a conducting material and electrodes. To manufacture a chip-type SMT and achieve miniaturization, high density and high efficiency, ceramic condensers are used.

WTC’s MLCC is made by NPO, X7R and Y5V dielectric material and which provides product with high electrical precision, stability and reliability.

Storage and Operating Condition

(1) To store products at 5℃ to 40℃ ambient temperature and 20% to 70%. related humidity conditions.
(2) The product is recommended to be used within one year after shipment. Check solderability in case of shelf life extension is needed.

Cautions:

a. Don’t store products in a corrosive environment such as sulfide, chloride gas, or acid. It may cause oxidization of electrode, which easily be resulted in poor soldering.
b. To store products on the shelf and avoid exposure to moisture.
c. Don’t expose products to excessive shock, vibration, direct sunlight and so on.

A Surge Arrestor is installed between communication equipment and coaxial cable connector or between two communication equipments to protect communication equipment from damage caused by transient state voltage formed by lightning induction. It adopts quarter-wave technology, is designed according to VSW theory and frequency spectrum of lightning wave. It has features of quick reaction, big current passing capacity, wide frequency band, low VSWR, low insertion loss, easy installation and free maintenance. It can be used to meet protection requirements of various communication equipments and lightning sensitivity.

Surge arrestor series

Kingtronics sell 2-Electrode arresters and 3-Electrode arresters. 2-Electrode arresters and 3-Electrode arresters have many different kinds of types, for the detailed information please link the following Data Sheet. They will take you to www.kingtronics.com.

Dear Customer:

Wish you good business !!

As you know Chinese Lunar New Year is coming soon, most of Chinese manufacturers will have a long holiday.

But please don’t worry on this holiday issue, we Kingtronics will work as normal during this Chinese Traditional  Spring Festival.

So, please feel free to contact with our sales department by email and keep sending us orders and inquiries. We will get feedback to you as fast as normal days.

Thanks a lot for your attentions.

Wish you all the best !!

Kingtronics International Company

info@kingtronics.com

www.kingtronics.com

Multi-layer ceramic chip (MLCC) capacitors are used quite often in dc-dc converter input and output filters. They have low ESR, low ESL, and low cost. They also have no major reliability problems associated with them. All these properties make them suitable for power management applications. There are still, however, some issues to consider when using these capacitors in dc-dc converter circuits. Some ceramic capacitors can lose a lot of their value under certain conditions. This lost capacitance can degrade the transient response of a dc-dc converter, or it can even make the control loop of the converter unstable.

The capacitance per unit volume of the X7R/X5R dielectrics has increased quite a bit in the past few years. However, you should be careful about using the components with the highest capacitance densities. These capacitors lose a lot of their value at the higher frequencies where most dc-dc converter circuits operate. They lose even more capacitance when dc bias is applied to them.

Kingtronics specializes in application specific multilayer ceramic capacitors. Our product offerings included surface mount capacitors from the 0402 case size to larger high voltage units (up to 4KV) for Commercial and High Reliability applications.

The reliability of a potentiometer depends on its ability to continue performing its intended function. Since the primary function is to provide a continuous and proportional voltage output, the primary reliability considerations are continuity and proportional voltage output. A failure in continuity is always catastrophic, as the device is no longer acting as a potentiometer.

The primary constituents of continuity are:

Wiper contact to conductive surface

Continuous conductive surface

Wiper (output) and excitation terminal continuity

The frequency of the quartz crystal is obviously a fundamental specification. It is normally expressed to as many significant figures as demanded by the frequency tolerance, although seven figures is normally the maximum. It is wise to express the frequency to the right number of significant figures to avoid misunderstandings in this area of the quartz crystal specification.

Kingtronica Quartz Crystal series are popular in the word market , Quartz Crystal include HC49U, HC49S and SMD quartz crystal HC49SMD .The HC49U is available in tight tolerances and stabilities for demanding applications. With a broad frequency range from 1.8432MHz to 200.000MHz, the HC49U can serve as a low cost solution in virtually any application or market.

A correctly selected arrester can diver surges almost endlessly ,provided the energy to be dissipated is within the capability of the arrester .In the event that an arrester is required to dissipate more energy than it is capable of, it will sacrifice itself by failing short circuit. Most commonly, arrester are connected phase – to – ground and the resultant earth fault will immediately collapse the voltage on that phase, thereby protecting other equipment an the same phase, The upstream protection will initiate a breaker trip to clear the fault, and the failed arrester can then be replaced.

Surge Arrester housing have traditionally been made of porcelain .However , today there is a stronge Arrester housing have traditionally been made of porcelain .However , today there is a strong trend ,and often even a preference ,towards the use of silicone insulators for arrester at all system voltage. There are a number of reasons why silicone is seen as an attractive alternative to porcelain, including potentially better short-circuit capability with increased safety for other equipment and personnel if correctly designed.