Kingtronics Blog

What are Small Signal Transistors? Small Signal Transistors are transistors that are mainly used to amplify low-level signals but also can be used in On/off switches for general use; Bias supply circuits; LED diode driver; Infrared diode amplifier; Relay driver; Timer circuits; Audio mute function; High voltage ‘A’ class preamplifier; Telecom wireline interface circuits; AM/FM amplifier and local oscillator of FM/VHF tuner.

Typical hFE values for small signal transistors range from 10 to 500, with maximum Ic ratings from about 80 to 600mA.Maximum operating frequencies range from about 1 to 300 MHz. They come in NPN and PNP forms and are being introduced in the small SMD plastic packages such as SOT-23.

Kingtronics small signal transistors are offered with the latest silicon planar technology that ensures high reliability and fast switching performance. We carry below small signal transistors, which meet that features.

MMBT9012: PNP Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBT9012.pdf
MMBT9013: NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBT9013.pdf
MMBT9014: NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBT9014.pdf
MMBT9018: NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBT9018.pdf
MMBTSC945: NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBTSC945.pdf

MMBT8050 and MMBT8550 are SOT-23 plastic package. There are three terminals which represents base, emitter and collector. For switching and amplifier applications, especially suitable for AF-driver stages and low power output stages.

They are a low voltage high current small signal transistor, designed for class B push-pull audio amplifier and general purpose applications. Collector current up to 600mA; Collector-emitter voltage up to 25V.The MMBT8550 transistor is subdivided into two groups C and D according to its DC current gain.

NPN Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors MMBT8050 Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBT8050.pdf
PNP Silicon Epitaxial Planar Transistors MMBT8550 Datasheet Download:
http://kingtronics.com/pdf/MMBT8550.pdf

An extreme heat wave is coming, how to do we can stay cool and hydrated ?

As you know, make sure you’re drinking enough water or milk.

Here sharing some ways as below, let’s stay healthy and happy during this Summer !

*Wear casual and oversized clothes. Better choose white clothing instead of black one
穿寬鬆和輕便衣服，最好選擇反光的白色衣物（黑色更吸光，適合天冷時穿）

*Wear sunscreen & hat outdoor, also sunglasses to protect your eyes
常擦防曬乳、出門攜帶帽子＆到戶外戴太陽眼鏡以保護眼睛

*Take the shower with cold water
多用冷水淋浴

*Bring one towel with you, wet your towel and wipe you face and neck anytime anywhere.
隨身攜帶一條毛巾，隨時可以用冷水浸泡後擦拭臉部和頸部。

*choose a thinner blanket with air permeability
選擇薄和透氣性好的棉被單（華人夏季有睡涼席和涼牀的傳統，有類似之處）

*try to keeping the windows open and use the fan with some breeze.
注意開窗通風以及使用風扇等

*on the other hand, close window and curtains drawn if it’s hotter outside than inside.
如白天室外陽光太強，盡量關上窗和拉上窗簾，以防室內曝曬溫度升高

*having more fruits and vegetables contain more hydrate such as watermelon and cucumber, watch out for is excessive alcohol as it can increase the risk of dehydration.
多吃西瓜、小黃瓜這類含水分較多的水果和蔬菜。盡量少喝含糖和酒精飲料。

參考來源: https://www.bbc.com/news/health-49112807
https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/science-48789636

As a popular brand serving global market over 3 decades, we are firmly confident on providing professional cost-effective solutions.

Especially on Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor scape, we perform our duties as a trustworthy partner in maximizing the most of profit for worldwide customers, as well as offer cutting-edge technology products.

Customers with orders on hand enjoys the highest priority, meanwhile everyone is equal when seeking our support under closer negotiation.
The more business information customers are willing to share,  the better cooperation we can achieve.

Open heart. Joint efforts. Count on each other. More prosperous future is within our control.

Kingtronics Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitor Factory     https://youtu.be/KlUnsCwQC3Y

Kingtronics Kt SMD Type Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Factory      https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpMf5VRjjFU&t=1s

Kingtronics Kt Radial Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors Manufacturing Process  https://youtu.be/o3bQ4Vj_33A
 

1. Capacitor
Chip capacitors and other components in the package of 1206 and above should be used with cautions, there is a practical risk in the welding process.
Ceramic capacitors use NPO (C0G) and X7R two types which temperature coefficient control is better. Tantalum capacitors which rated voltage is lower than 25V are preferred. The forming voltage of the Aluminum Electrolytic capacitors should be 1.2 to 1.4 times of the rated voltage.

In general, the comparison of ESR values of various capacitor: aluminum capacitor > tantalum capacitor > ceramic capacitor;
The ripple current should not exceed the specifications under the high temperature, otherwise it will affect the service life; the limit value of each package is not recommended.

1.电容
慎用1206及以上封装的贴片电容等器件，焊接过程中有实效风险.
陶瓷电容选用NPO（C0G）和X7R这两类，温度系数控制较好。钽电解电容一般建议使用额定电压不超过25V产品。铝电解电容一般选取形成电压是额定电压的1.2到1.4倍。
一般情况下，各种电容ESR比较：铝电容＞钽电容＞陶瓷电容；注意高温下时的纹波电流不要超出使用规格，否则会影响使用寿命；每种封装的极限值不建议使用.

2. Diode & triode
When selecting the diode & triodes, pay attention to whether the following parameters are sufficient in the circuit to prevent the risk of damage.
Reverse breakdown voltage Vbr, reverse repeated operating voltage Vrwm, maximum average forward average current If, Instantaneous forward voltage Vf, reverse recovery time Trr, thermal resistance Rjc, maximum junction temperature Tjm.

2.二三极管
二三极管选型时注意以下参数在电路中是否够用，防止损坏风险。
反向击穿电压Vbr，反向重复工作电压Vrwm，最大平均正向平均电流If，正向压降Vf，反向恢复时间Trr，热阻Rjc，最高节温Tjm。

3. Crystals and crystal oscillators
Try to use the chip package. The largest shipment in the industry is 3.2mmx2.5mm (3225) package;
the AT cut fundamental frequency is selected, the preferred range is 12MHz~15MHz; a crystal oscillator generally only drives one device.

3.晶体和晶振
尽量选用贴片封装，行业内目前出货量最大的是3.2mmx2.5mm(3225) 封装；
选择AT切基频，优选范围12MHz~15MHz；一个晶振一般只驱动一个器件。

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The year 2019 is the 37th anniversary of the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. Produced by China Central Television and broadcast on the eve of Chinese New Year, the gala is viewed nationally by extremely large audiences, which makes it one of the premier television events on China’s entertainment calendar.
2019年是央视春晚37周年纪念。春晚由中国中央电视台制作，在除夕夜播出，自然有非常多的观众收看，这使得它成为中国娱乐节目日程表上最重要的电视活动之一。

Each year, the directors of the gala try to adopt fresh ideas and introduce new faces. Some of them have become overnight stars, while some left with regrets.Let's find out more stories from behind the scenes.
每年，春晚的导演都在尝试采用新鲜的想法，引入新面孔。他们中的一些人一夜成名，而一些人则带着遗憾离开。让我们一起寻找更多的幕后故事。

With his handsome face and beautiful voice, Fei Xiang, a half Chinese, became the first Taiwan pop singer to cross the Strait and perform in the Spring Festival Gala.
有着帅气的脸蛋和漂亮的嗓音，有一半中国血统的费翔成为第一位跨过海峡，在春晚表演的台湾流行歌手。

With two songs that he performed at the Gala, “The Clouds of My Hometown” and “A Fire in Winter,” Fei Xiang became the most popular singer in the Chinese mainland over night. Most of us may not know that his success is owed to Deng Zaijun, the first female director of CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala.
由于在晚会上演唱了《故乡的云》和《冬天里的一把火》这两首歌，费翔一夜之间成为中国内地最受欢迎的歌手。我们中的大多数人可能不知道他的成功应该感谢邓在军，央视春晚的第一位女导演。

Deng Zaijun, director of 1987 Spring Festival Gala said, "I chose his song "A Fire in Winter" because the rhythm of the song was different. It was fashionable. But I was not sure if his dancing could be accepted."
1987年央视春晚导演邓在军表示：“我选择他这首《冬天里的一把火》是因为这首歌的节奏很不一样。它很时尚。但是我不敢肯定他的舞蹈能否被接受。”

But the response from the audiences proved that Deng made the right decision.
但是，观众的反应证明邓在军的决定是正确的。

In 1993, at its 10th anniversary, the Gala faced a lot of doubts including if it was necessary to hold the event every year. At that time, Zhang Ziyang rose to the challenge. The 37-year-old director produced many firsts, including the first usage of a big screen backdrop and the first adoption of second floor auditorium.
1993年，在春晚10周年的时候，晚会面临很多质疑，包括每年是否有必要举办这项活动。在那时，张子扬奋起接受挑战。这位37岁的导演创造了很多个“第一”，其中包括第一次使用大屏幕背景，第一次采用二楼观众席。

Zhang Ziyang said, "We made a three-sided stage. And some audiences were invited to the second floor. It was decorated like a tea house."
张子扬表示：“我们制作了一个三面舞台。一些观众被邀请到二楼。它被装饰得像个茶馆。”

Moreover, the 1993 Gala was noted for having live cross over between Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Macao.
此外，1993年春晚以港澳台的现场融合而闻名。

Zhang Ziyang said, "At that time, we had an idea, that is to hold a big gathering for Chinese everywhere. So we invited anchors in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore. "
张子扬称：“那时候，我们有一个想法，那就是举办一次各地中国人的大聚会。所以我们邀请了台湾、香港和新加坡的主持人。”

Entering into the new century, the gala tended to be set on larger stages each time. The evolution of the Spring Festival Gala is, in many ways, representative of China’s technological growth, and social development.
进入新世纪，春晚每次都在更大舞台上举行。春晚的发展在许多方面代表了中国科技的发展和社会的发展。

Looking back at each year’s gala is just like looking at the past of Chinese people’s lives, and the trace of development of China. It involves hard work and exploration year after year. No matter how the gala evolves, for Chinese people, watching it has already become an indispensable ceremony on the eve of the New Year.
回顾每年的春晚就像是在看中国人过去的生活以及中国社会的发展轨迹。每年都需要辛苦工作和探索。无论春晚如何发展，对中国人而言，看春晚已经成为除夕一种必不可少的仪式。
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In response to environmental protection, we provide nylon folding reusable bags. Feel free to let us ship with your goods or samples shipments.

More free promotion materials can be prepared: http://www.kingtronics.com/packing/Kingtronics-Promotion-Materials.html

Let us know if more support is needed. Look forward to more prosperity in 2019.

Stock:
Full Range Catalog
M7, SM4007,LL4148, BZV55C Leaflet
Aluminum Elec. Capacitors & Bridge Rectifier Leaflet
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E-Cap File Folder Souvenir
M7 File Folder Souvenir
Russian Fold Leaflet

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Dip and SMD Tact Switch Leaflet

As you know every year approaching the Christmas season will get busy with factories, so does Chinese New Year time.

The coming Chinese New Year also known as Lunar New Year or Spring Festival.
This is a time for family reunion, and is considered the most important part in the Chinese New Year celebration.

In 2019, the festivity will be on 5th-7th Feb., our factory will have holidays from late January till mid-February.
The production lead time might be longer once place order within or after CNY.

Thus please don’t hesitate to advise us the order confirmation soon, and arrange production without delay. : )

Good day !

More detail:http://kingtronics.com/